Why should power system expansion be planned?

Due to the rapid electric load demand growth and economic or environmental restrictions, the power system expansion should be planned using modern tools such as Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and Battery Energy Storage (BES) devices. The existing transmission lines more often are not able to transfer the required power to the demand side.

Can energy storage systems improve supply-demand balance?

The massive development of energy storage systems (ESSs) may significantly help in the supply–demand balance task, especially under the existence of uncertain and intermittent sources of energy, such as solar and wind power.

What is energy storage integrated soft open point (ESOP)?

With the rapid development of flexible interconnection technology in active distribution networks (ADNs), many power electronic devices have been employed to improve system operational performance. As a novel fully-controlled power electronic device, energy storage integrated soft open point (ESOP) is gradually replacing traditional switches.

What are the benefits of energy storage systems?

The deployment of energy storage systems (ESS) can also create new business opportunities, support economic growth, and enhance the competitiveness of the power market. There are several ESS used at a grid or local level such as pumped hydroelectric storage (PHES), passive thermal storage, and battery units [, , ].

Why are energy storage technologies important?

Energy storage technologies have been recognized as an important component of future power systems due to their capacity for enhancing the electricity grid's flexibility, reliability, and efficiency. They are accepted as a key answer to numerous challenges facing power markets, including decarbonization, price volatility, and supply security.

What is a long-duration energy storage system?

Long-duration energy storage systems (LDS) are designed to store energy for several hours or even days. These systems are typically used to provide backup power during extended grid outages or to store excess renewable energy generated during times of low demand for use during times of high demand.