How do solar panels turn sunlight into electricity?

There are several ways to turn sunlight into usable energy, but almost all solar energy today comes from “solar photovoltaics (PV).” Solar PV relies on a natural property of “semiconductor” materials like silicon, which can absorb the energy from sunlight and turn it into electric current.

How does a solar power grid work?

An electric grid with lots of solar power must pair it with other technologies for reliability: energy sources like hydropower that can be powered up and down at will, energy storage (like batteries) to save up solar energy when it’s plentiful, and/or long-distance transmission to move electricity from the sunniest spots to where it’s needed.

How does solar power work?

The sun—that power plant in the sky—bathes Earth in ample energy to fulfill all the world's power needs many times over. It doesn't give off carbon dioxide emissions. It won't run out. And it's free. So how on Earth can people turn this bounty of sunbeams into useful electricity?

Do solar panels generate electricity at night?

Solar panels generate no electricity at night time. Solar panels can't store energy, so you have to use the electricity they generate when the sun is shining. You need batteries to store the energy generated. These are expensive. – Solar cells convert the light from the sun into electricity.

Does solar power work in local areas?

Local areas must be studied to determine whether or not solar power would be effective in that area. Sunlight must be abundant and consistent for solar energy to be an efficient choice. In most places on Earth, sunlight’s variability makes it difficult to implement as the only source of energy.

Can solar energy be used in space?

Depicted: A pioneering project to generate power from solar energy in space | Source: ESA© The Great Promise Renewable energy sources, such as wind turbines and solar farms—large arrays of solar panels spanning wide areas—provide low-cost electricity without emitting greenhouse gases.